{"id":26230,"date":"2022-02-11T10:15:40","date_gmt":"2022-02-11T16:15:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/?p=26230"},"modified":"2022-02-11T10:18:10","modified_gmt":"2022-02-11T16:18:10","slug":"la-economia-circular-y-el-tratamiento-del-agua-industrial","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/desarrollo-sostenible\/la-economia-circular-y-el-tratamiento-del-agua-industrial\/","title":{"rendered":"La econom\u00eda circular y el tratamiento del agua industrial"},"content":{"rendered":"

Del desarrollo experimentado en los \u00faltimos por el concepto de econom\u00eda circular no es ajeno el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>mundo del agua<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0que, como uno de los recursos indispensables para la vida, requiere una\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>estrategia<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0de retenci\u00f3n del valor y de consumo responsable.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\"La<\/span><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Si nos fijamos en las caracter\u00edsticas del\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>agua como recurso<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> , la\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>econom\u00eda circular<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0puede aportar, como pr\u00e1cticas m\u00e1s inmediatas, el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>tratamiento de agua<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/a> \u00a0para su\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>reutilizaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0y la\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>desalaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> , que pueden satisfacer de forma sostenible tanto el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>uso agr\u00edcola<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0como el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>suministro urbano<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> .<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Pero nos podemos olvidar de la presencia del\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>agua en el sector industrial<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0y, por tanto, hay que considerar en que medida el sector productivo se puede beneficiar al considerar al agua como un recurso m\u00e1s, sujeto a los\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>principios de sostenibilidad<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0propuestos por el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>modelo circular<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> .<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Igual que el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>paradigma circular<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0nos invita a desterrar de nuestro vocabulario las palabras\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>basura<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> , desperdicio o deseo, con respecto al agua debemos evitar hablar de\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>agua residual o agua contaminada.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Seg\u00fan los principios de la\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>econom\u00eda circular<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> , este agua sin valor y perjudicial si se vierte en el entorno, se puede convertir en un\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>flujo enriquecido<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0por compuestos y materias que, en otro momento, fueron considerados de valor agregado, y que ahora, formando parte de mezclas complejas pueden ser\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>susceptibles de recuperar su valor<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> .<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Hablamos de\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>recuperar el valor<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> , por ejemplo, de\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>compuestos nitrogenados o fosforados<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0que pueden actuar como nutrientes para las plantas, aunque en este punto la normativa va habitualmente por detr\u00e1s de la tecnolog\u00eda y en gran parte de los pa\u00edses desarrollados todav\u00eda no es legal su uso como fertilizante.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Este enfoque circular hace que crezca cada d\u00eda la\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>lista de recursos<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0contenidos en el agua que ha sido empleada en usos industriales y que pueden ser recuperados para incorporarse de nuevo en el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ciclo t\u00e9cnico<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0de los procesos.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Recordemos en este punto que la\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>econom\u00eda circular<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0es ese modelo en el que\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>el valor de los productos y materiales se mantiene durante el mayor tiempo posible, los residuos se reducen a la m\u00ednima expresi\u00f3n, y los recursos se reintroducen repetidamente<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0en el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ciclo t\u00e9cnico <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(Tecnosfera )<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0creando valor hasta que lleguen al final de su vida \u00fatil y se incorporen al\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>ciclo biol\u00f3gico <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(Biosfera)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> .<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Lo cierto es que, desde hace m\u00e1s de un siglo, depuramos las aguas transformando sus contaminantes en algo que desde el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>punto de vista circular<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0denominar\u00edamos\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>biomasa microbiana<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> , y que tradicionalmente denominamos\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>lodo o fango<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0y se considera un deseo o desperdicio.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Aunque a este\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>lodo<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0se le ha intentado dar valor, mediante\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>pir\u00f3lisis o su utilizaci\u00f3n como material de construcci\u00f3n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> , la verdad es que no hemos avanzado m\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>generaci\u00f3n de subproductos<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0o el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>planteamiento de usos marginales<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> .<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Por lo tanto, existen muchas\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>v\u00edas a explorar<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0mediante\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>tecnolog\u00edas sostenibles<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0que nos permiten\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>valorizar\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> todas estas materias y recursos que est\u00e1n ubicados en este tipo de aguas antes consideradas como contaminadas.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Desde nuestro punto de vista ser\u00eda conveniente concebir el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>tratamiento de agua residual<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0como una\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>industria productiva <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(biofactor\u00eda)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0y no como una destinada a\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>degradar o minimizar el impacto<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0de los elementos que la componen, \u00fanicamente con el objetivo principal de generar un agua que cumpla los l\u00edmites legales de vertido.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Hasta ahora era frecuente\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>evaluar las estrategias<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0en el campo del agua mediante indicadores como el porcentaje y destino de\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>las aguas reutilizadas o el uso de energ\u00eda requerida en el proceso.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

El cambio hacia los postulados circulares porque empecemos a emplear\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>par\u00e1metros de \u00edndole econ\u00f3mica<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0que se\u00f1alen no solo la sostenibilidad ambiental sino tambi\u00e9n la rentabilidad, por lo que requerimos que se incorporen\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>herramientas<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0como el\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>an\u00e1lisis de ciclo de vida <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(ACV)<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0y de\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>costes de ciclo de vida<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0que ayuden a tomar decisiones para la implantaci\u00f3n del modelo circular.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Finalmente indicar que este camino de\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>cambio de paradigma<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0de\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>lineal a circular<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0va a requerir de esfuerzos\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>y<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0de mucha\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>imaginaci\u00f3n<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0antes de estas nuevas\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>pr\u00e1cticas sostenibles en el campo del agua<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em> sean totalmente aceptables.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a1Por suerte juega a nuestro favor que este\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>nuevo sector del agua va a generar riqueza<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> \u00a0en las 3 vertientes de la\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>sostenibilidad<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> : la econ\u00f3mica, la social y la medioambiental!<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/em><\/span><\/p>\n

Fuente: Ecointeligencia<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Del desarrollo experimentado en los \u00faltimos por el concepto de econom\u00eda circular no es ajeno el\u00a0 mundo del agua \u00a0que, como uno de los recursos indispensables para la vida, requiere una\u00a0 estrategia \u00a0de retenci\u00f3n del valor y de consumo responsable.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26231,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[418],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-26230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-desarrollo-sostenible"],"yoast_head":"\nLa econom\u00eda circular y el tratamiento del agua industrial - Observatorio Tecnol\u00f3gico de Hidalgo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/desarrollo-sostenible\/la-economia-circular-y-el-tratamiento-del-agua-industrial\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"La econom\u00eda circular y el tratamiento del agua industrial - 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