{"id":2831,"date":"2016-07-14T11:44:31","date_gmt":"2016-07-14T17:44:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/?p=2831"},"modified":"2016-07-14T11:44:31","modified_gmt":"2016-07-14T17:44:31","slug":"una-manta-raya-robot","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/ciencia\/una-manta-raya-robot\/","title":{"rendered":"Cient\u00edficos crean una manta raya robot energizada con c\u00e9lulas de coraz\u00f3n de rata"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>La creaci\u00f3n de un robot en forma de pez raya y con n\u00facleo de oro abre una nueva puerta a la investigaci\u00f3n en la ingenier\u00eda de tejidos<!--more-->, seg\u00fan un informe publicado esta semana por la revista especializada Science.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>El equipo de ingenieros m\u00e9dicos que cre\u00f3 al pez raya rob\u00f3tico est\u00e1 integrado por investigadores de la Universidad de Harvard y de Standford, en Estados Unidos, y de la Universidad de Stan Sogang, en Se\u00fal.<\/p>\n<p>De aspecto y proporciones id\u00e9nticas a un pez real, con el cuerpo plano y las aletas en forma de alas que se extienden desde la cabeza y a lo largo de todo su cuerpo, el prototipo constituye un logro de la ingenier\u00eda de tejidos.<\/p>\n<p>El prototipo cuenta con 200.000 c\u00e9lulas card\u00edacas de rata, mide 16 mil\u00edmetros de largo y pesa 10 gramos.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e1s all\u00e1 de la morfolog\u00eda, el robot-raya tiene una eficiencia energ\u00e9tica igual a la del animal original, ya que emula la forma de deslizarse a trav\u00e9s del agua.<\/p>\n<p>El n\u00facleo del robot est\u00e1 hecho de part\u00edculas de oro, recubiertas de una capa el\u00e1stica de polietileno y con c\u00e9lulas de coraz\u00f3n de rata que son fotosensibles, es decir, que responden a la estimulaci\u00f3n de la luz.<\/p>\n<p>Gracias a estas c\u00e9lulas musculares de coraz\u00f3n de rata, los ingenieros pueden provocar la respuesta motora del robot, pues al exponerlas a la luz, las c\u00e9lulas de las aletas se contraen.<\/p>\n<p>El problema estribaba en c\u00f3mo conseguir la relajaci\u00f3n de las aletas.<\/p>\n<p>Para sortear ese obst\u00e1culo, los ingenieros insertaron el esqueleto de oro, de forma que retiene energ\u00eda que se libera posteriormente a medida que las c\u00e9lulas se relajan, y permite que las aletas se vuelvan a levantar.<\/p>\n<p>As\u00ed, los cient\u00edficos, mediante pulsaciones de luz, controlan el aleteo del robot-raya en su intensidad, frecuencia y direcci\u00f3n, con tal eficiencia que pueden guiar al artilugio a trav\u00e9s de una carrera de obst\u00e1culos sencilla.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La creaci\u00f3n de un robot en forma de pez raya y con n\u00facleo de oro abre una nueva puerta a la investigaci\u00f3n en la ingenier\u00eda de tejidos<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2832,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[56,362],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2831","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia","category-robt"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Cient\u00edficos crean una manta raya robot energizada con c\u00e9lulas de coraz\u00f3n de rata<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"La creaci\u00f3n de un robot en forma de pez raya y con n\u00facleo de oro abre una nueva puerta a la investigaci\u00f3n en la ingenier\u00eda de tejidos\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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