{"id":29640,"date":"2024-11-25T10:54:37","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T16:54:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/?p=29640"},"modified":"2025-10-24T15:35:23","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T21:35:23","slug":"crispr-cas9-revolucion-tecnologica-en-la-genetica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/articulo-otech\/crispr-cas9-revolucion-tecnologica-en-la-genetica\/","title":{"rendered":"CRISPR-Cas9 Revoluci\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica en la Gen\u00e9tica"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">La vida biol\u00f3gica est\u00e1 determinada por nucle\u00f3tidos, donde el ARN (\u00e1cido ribonucleico) y el ADN (\u00e1cido desoxirribonucleico) conjuntamente se encargan de la s\u00edntesis de prote\u00ednas y herencia gen\u00e9tica, el ADN es la mol\u00e9cula que contiene la informaci\u00f3n de todos los seres vivos (National, Human Genome Research Instute, 2024) .<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">El genoma humano est\u00e1 compuesto por 3 mil 200 millones de letras, aportadas por cada uno de los 23 pares de cromosomas que heredamos (Sternberg, 24) , la edici\u00f3n del genoma humano y de todo ser biol\u00f3gico, se logr\u00f3 hasta que un grupo de investigadores del Departamento de Quimioterapia experimental, de la Universidad de Osaka Jap\u00f3n, dirigido por Y. Ishino (Ishino, Shinagawa, Makino, Amemura, &amp;amp; Nakata, A., 1987) detectara el CRISPR (Clustered Regulary Interespaced Short Palindromic Repeats) en la bacteria Escherichia Coli.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Jennifer A. Doudna, junto a otros investigadores (Doudna, Charpentier, Jinek, Chylinski,, &amp;amp; et, alt, 2012) dio a conocer los sistemas de repeticiones palindr\u00f3micas cortas agrupadas y regularmente inter-espaciadas (CRISPR-Cas9) (Cas9-tijeras moleculares que cortan el ADN) proporcionan a las bacterias y arqueas (nano-organismos unicelulares sin n\u00facleo) inmunidad adaptativa contra virus y pl\u00e1smidos (mol\u00e9culas con informaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica) (Wilson, 2022) .<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">En 2020 Jennifer Doudna y Emmanuelle Charpentier, recibieron el Premio Nobel de Qu\u00edmica por haber desarrollado la tecnolog\u00eda de edici\u00f3n del genoma, durante su investigaci\u00f3n sobre el Streptococcus pyogenes descubriendo la mol\u00e9cula tracrRNA, hasta ese momento desconocida, el CRISPR\/Cas9 desarma el virus al dividir su ADN (Academia Mexicana de la Ciencia, 2020)<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Con este descubrimiento, los cient\u00edficos cuentan con las herramientas tecnol\u00f3gicas para manipular las c\u00e9lulas de todo ente biol\u00f3gico, sus aplicaciones abarcan tanto al sector salud, como el agr\u00edcola, sin dejar de considerar los riesgos que se visualizan con el cambio clim\u00e1tico.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">En materia de salud se han realizado aplicaciones para la anemia falciforme, y en padecimientos causados por mutaciones gen\u00e9ticas, como la anemia drepanoc\u00edtica o el trastorno gen\u00e9tico de Huntington donde las neuronas se desgastan o degeneran, como en el alzh\u00e9imer; la aplicaci\u00f3n del CRISPR-Cas9 <\/span><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">puede corregir las mutaciones desde su origen (cit., s.f., p\u00e1g. 2) .<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Tambi\u00e9n puede ayudar en el tratamiento de algunos tipos de c\u00e1ncer como la <\/span><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">leucemia y el mieloma m\u00faltiple, el colesterol alto, el angioedema hereditario, <\/span><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">la acumulaci\u00f3n anormal de prote\u00ednas, conocida como Amiloidosis transtiretina incluyendo el sida (Nania, 2024) .<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">En 2020 Google DeepMind conjuntamente con Isomorphic Labs, incursionaron con Inteligencia Artificial generativa (IAG) en las estructuras e interacciones de las mol\u00e9culas del ADN, el ARN y las prote\u00ednas, primero fue con el modelo AlphaFold 2 logrando la predici\u00f3n de las prote\u00ednas, facilitando descubrimientos como las vacunas contra la malaria, en este 2024 presentaron el AlphaFold 3 alcanzando una visi\u00f3n completa del funcionamiento de la vida a nivel molecular (Thomason, 2024) .<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">El CRISPR-Cas9 est\u00e1 propiciando una revoluci\u00f3n en la producci\u00f3n de los alimentos (Temple, 2024) , dado que los alimentos que se produzcan con aplicaciones de tecnolog\u00edas gen\u00f3micas, no ser\u00e1n objeto de regulaci\u00f3n, esto es porque no se utiliza nigun tipo agente t\u00f3xico, sino que es una modificaci\u00f3n o mutaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica natural, solo que acelerada por la edici\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">La edici\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica del arroz, necesitar\u00e1 menos agua con mayor resistencia a <\/span><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">los cambio clim\u00e1ticos, de igual forma est\u00e1 el ma\u00edz, con tallos m\u00e1s cortos para <\/span><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">reducir p\u00e9rdidas por las tormentas, adem\u00e1s de capturar di\u00f3xido de carbono y <\/span><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">mayor resistencia a enfermedades zoon\u00f3ticas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">La empresa Acceligen, aplic\u00f3 el CRISPR-Cas9 editando la descendencia de su ganado vacuno, para que sean m\u00e1s resistentes a temperaturas m\u00e1s altas<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">La modificaci\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica no solo puede hacer m\u00e1s resistentes los cultivos, sino que adem\u00e1s puede lograr incrementar el contenido de az\u00facar de los frutos, que fueron objeto de la aplicaci\u00f3n del CRISR-Cas9 mejorando su sabor, en comparaci\u00f3n con otros cultivos sin edici\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica (Xuelai, 2024) .<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Los desarrollos tecnol\u00f3gicos como el CRISPR-Cas9 tienen un alto sentido \u00e9tico en todo su proceso, desde el laboratorio hasta el mercado, las bondades <\/span><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">se incrementan en la medida que se aplican para atender las necesidades humanas, toda vez que tambi\u00e9n se fortalecen las capacidades, para hacer frente a los cambios clim\u00e1ticos, pero es imprescindible hacerlas llegar a las poblaciones m\u00e1s necesitadas, de forma tal que no sea el mercado el que determine el acceso a ellas, sino los derechos humanos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Revolucion-Tecnologica-en-la-Genetica_compressed.pdf\">CRISPR-Cas9 Revoluci\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica en la Gen\u00e9tica<\/a><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Bibliograf\u00eda<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">cit., S. o. (s.f.).<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Academia Mexicana de la Ciencia. (7 de octubre de 2020). Academia Mexicana de la Ciencia. Recuperado el noviembre de 2024, de amc.edu.mx: <\/span><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">https:\/\/www.amc.edu.mx\/amc\/index.php?option=com_content&amp;amp;view=article&amp;amp;id=649&amp;amp;Itemid=326<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Doudna, J. A., Charpentier, E., Jinek, M., C. K., &amp;amp; et, alt. (28 de junio de 2012). Una endonucleasa de ADN Programable guiada por ARN dual en la inmunidad bacteriana adaptativa. Science, 337(6096), 816-821.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Ishino, Y., Shinagawa, H., Makino, K., Amemura, M., &amp;amp; Nakata, A. (1987). Secuencia de nucle\u00f3tidos del geniap, responsable de la izoenzima fosfatasa alcalina en Escherichia coli e identificaci\u00f3n del producto g\u00e9nico. Journal of Bacteriology vol 169, n\u00fam 12 pp. 5429- 5433. (J. o. \/https:\/\/pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/articles\/PMC213968\/, Ed.) Osaka, Osaka, Jap\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Nania, R. (13 de febrero de 2024). AARP. Recuperado el noviembre de 2024, de aarp.org: https:\/\/www.aarp.org\/espanol\/salud\/enfermedades-y-tratamientos\/info-2024\/terapia-medica-edicion-genetica-crispr.html<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">National, Human Genome Research Instute. (20 de noviembre de 2024). NIH, National Human Genome Research Institute. Recuperado el noviembre de 2024, de genome.gov: https:\/\/www.genome.gov\/es\/genetics-glossary\/%C3%81cido-desoxirribonucleico-ADN<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Sternberg, S. H. (23 de febrero de 24). studenta. Recuperado el noviembre de 2024, de BBVA-OpenMind: https:\/\/es.studenta.com\/content\/133343967\/bbva-open-mind-samuel-h-sternberg-la-revolucion-biologica-de-la-edicion-genetica<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Temple, J. (2 de noviembre de 2024). MIT Technology Review. C\u00f3mo una innovadora herramienta de edici\u00f3n gen\u00e9tica ayudar\u00e1 al mundo a hacer frente al cambio clim\u00e1tico. Massachusetts Cambridge, EEUU. Obtenido de technologyreview.com: https:\/\/www.technologyreview.com\/2024\/11\/02\/1106579\/how-a-breakthrough-gene-editing-tool-will-help-the-world-cope-with-climate-change\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Thomason, J. (8 de mayo de 2024). Venturebeat. Recuperado el noviembre de 2024, de venturebeat.com: https:\/\/venturebeat.com\/ai\/googles-alphafold-3-ai-predicts-the-very-building-blocks-of-life\/?utm_source=VentureBeat&amp;amp;utm_campaign=1cd0c82171-EMAIL_CAMPAIGN_2023_11_29_10_31_COPY_01&amp;amp;utm_medium=email&amp;amp;utm_term=0_-f8cd853666-%5BLIST_EMAIL_ID%5D&amp;amp;mc_cid=1cd0c821<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Wilson, R. (12 de septiembre de 2022). Innovador, Gen\u00f3mica Innovadora. Recuperado el noviembre de 2024, de CRSPRpedia- Tecnolog\u00eda CRISPR:<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">https:\/\/innovativegenomics.org\/es\/crisprpedia\/tecnolog%C3%ADa-crispr\/<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"cvGsUA direction-ltr align-justify para-style-body\"><span class=\"OYPEnA font-feature-liga-off font-feature-clig-off font-feature-calt-off text-decoration-none text-strikethrough-none\">Xuelai, F. S. (14 de noviembre de 2024). Los Tomates dulces CRISPR podr\u00edan llegar a un supermercado. Sillycon Vally, California, EEUU.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>La vida biol\u00f3gica est\u00e1 determinada por nucle\u00f3tidos, donde el ARN (\u00e1cido ribonucleico) y el ADN (\u00e1cido desoxirribonucleico) conjuntamente se encargan de la s\u00edntesis de prote\u00ednas y herencia gen\u00e9tica, el ADN es la mol\u00e9cula que contiene la informaci\u00f3n de todos los seres vivos (National, Human Genome Research Instute, 2024) . El genoma humano est\u00e1 compuesto por [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":29644,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-29640","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articulo-otech"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>CRISPR-Cas9 Revoluci\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica en la Gen\u00e9tica - Observatorio Tecnol\u00f3gico de Hidalgo<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/articulo-otech\/crispr-cas9-revolucion-tecnologica-en-la-genetica\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CRISPR-Cas9 Revoluci\u00f3n Tecnol\u00f3gica en la Gen\u00e9tica - Observatorio Tecnol\u00f3gico de Hidalgo\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"La vida biol\u00f3gica est\u00e1 determinada por nucle\u00f3tidos, donde el ARN (\u00e1cido ribonucleico) y el ADN (\u00e1cido desoxirribonucleico) conjuntamente se encargan de la s\u00edntesis de prote\u00ednas y herencia gen\u00e9tica, el ADN es la mol\u00e9cula que contiene la informaci\u00f3n de todos los seres vivos (National, Human Genome Research Instute, 2024) . 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