{"id":5350,"date":"2017-04-25T12:41:13","date_gmt":"2017-04-25T18:41:13","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/?p=5350"},"modified":"2017-04-25T12:43:05","modified_gmt":"2017-04-25T18:43:05","slug":"fabrican-un-utero-artificial-para-bebes-prematuros","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/ciencia\/fabrican-un-utero-artificial-para-bebes-prematuros\/","title":{"rendered":"Fabrican un \u00fatero artificial para beb\u00e9s prematuros"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El dispositivo, probado con \u00e9xito en corderos, podr\u00eda mejorar el pron\u00f3stico de los ni\u00f1os extremadamente prematuros<!--more--><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Alrededor de\u00a0un 0,5% de todos los beb\u00e9s\u00a0que nacen en el mundo lo hacen de forma extremadamente prematura,\u00a0tras s\u00f3lo 24 semanas \u2013cinco meses y medio\u2013 de gestaci\u00f3n, seg\u00fan datos de la\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.who.int\/maternal_child_adolescent\/documents\/born_too_soon\/en\/\">Organizaci\u00f3n Mundial de la Salud\u00a0<\/a>(OMS). Ya que sus \u00f3rganos no han terminado de desarrollarse, son\u00a0extremadamente vulnerables\u00a0fuera del vientre de su madre.\u00a0S\u00f3lo la mitad de ellos logra sobrevivir\u00a0gracias a la atenci\u00f3n m\u00e9dica en pa\u00edses desarrollados; en regiones con menos recursos, sus probabilidades de salir adelante son pr\u00e1cticamente nulas. Entre los supervivientes, una buena parte carga con\u00a0graves secuelas\u00a0a largo plazo, como enfermedades respiratorias o problemas de visi\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sin embargo, si estos ni\u00f1os pudieran seguir por lo menos unas semanas en un ambiente como el del \u00fatero materno, sus probabilidades de sobrevivir aumentar\u00edan dr\u00e1sticamente. Ese es precisamente el objetivo de un grupo de investigadores del\u00a0Hospital Infantil de Filadelfia\u00a0(EE.UU.), que ha fabricado\u00a0un sistema que emula artificialmente el \u00fatero de un mam\u00edfero, presentado esta semana en la revista\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/nature.com\/articles\/doi:10.1038\/ncomms15112\">Nature Communications\u00a0<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Las primeras pruebas se han realizado en un reducido grupo de\u00a0corderos prematuros, de un grado de desarrollo comparable al de beb\u00e9s humanos de unas 24 semanas. Tras pasar cuatro semanas en el dispositivo, los animales ten\u00edan un desarrollo completamente normal, algo que no se hab\u00eda observado con ning\u00fan otro sistema artificial, ha destacado Alan Flake, director de la investigaci\u00f3n, en teleconferencia de prensa.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/<span \n                data-original-string='kLhkhabqAA\/8YzFnUXSdAw==c8fjhofVjvRWGcaVr\/SDAQ7n3oOc8XpPI\/JG1xB1D\/HhTf2YpdIgmc+z2YycY2LlU\/qL92936PhGXUjto1+2+Mrt3wSbuisyUyXYoQHpHXyV7QdTt9LorI2S2O901\/Jo+fUaPzkzPIAxNWGPptl95Tixg=='\n                class='apbct-email-encoder'\n                title='This contact has been encoded by Anti-Spam by CleanTalk. Click to decode. To finish the decoding make sure that JavaScript is enabled in your browser.'>im<span class=\"apbct-blur\">*****************************************************************************<\/span>@<span class=\"apbct-blur\">**************<\/span>eb.jpg<\/span>&#8220;><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5351 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/<span \n                data-original-string='vIDHPFVRHmiTzVZCNn9dlQ==c8f5JdZG9b0VPz3RaSIePVisfQMM5VYJRANbhY8slfTWBzBKRxlfAO85rmA6RRotGGpZJpTqo5MuWdDhOB1OLSujFJnVNLt9a8pyg9JCQUAacPKLWmgRIDkeFlSB8VeSQyywMU57N17kxjb6KzMpYVsaA=='\n                class='apbct-email-encoder'\n                title='This contact has been encoded by Anti-Spam by CleanTalk. Click to decode. To finish the decoding make sure that JavaScript is enabled in your browser.'>im<span class=\"apbct-blur\">*****************************************************************************<\/span>@<span class=\"apbct-blur\">**************<\/span>eb.jpg<\/span>&#8221; alt=&#8221;img_evelasco_20170425-172607_imagenes_lv_terceros_system_with_lamb-kCTD&#8211;656&#215;369@LaVanguardia-Web&#8221; width=&#8221;569&#8243; height=&#8221;320&#8243; \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cHemos desarrollado un sistema que reproduce el ambiente del \u00fatero y la funci\u00f3n de la placenta tan fielmente como ha sido posible\u201d, ha explicado el investigador. Biobag \u2013es el nombre que ha recibido\u2013consiste en una bolsa de pl\u00e1stico cerrada envuelve un fluido muy similar al l\u00edquido amni\u00f3tico que se renueva continuamente. Para aportar el ox\u00edgeno necesario, los investigadores han dise\u00f1ado tambi\u00e9n un aparato que act\u00faa como placenta. Unas c\u00e1nulas conectadas al cord\u00f3n umbilical transportan la sangre al dispositivo oxigenador, impulsada tan s\u00f3lo por el coraz\u00f3n de los animales.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Captura-de-pantalla-2017-04-25-a-las-1.39.15-p.m..png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5353 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Captura-de-pantalla-2017-04-25-a-las-1.39.15-p.m..png\" alt=\"Captura de pantalla 2017-04-25 a las 1.39.15 p.m.\" width=\"494\" height=\"301\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Dentro de este \u00fatero artificial, los ocho corderos que probaron la versi\u00f3n definitiva apenas necesitaron intervenci\u00f3n del exterior para desarrollarse. El ambiente l\u00edquido permiti\u00f3 que los pulmones de los corderos creciesen con normalidad; en las incubadoras actuales, los beb\u00e9s est\u00e1n expuestos al aire, que detiene el desarrollo de estos \u00f3rganos. El cerebro y el coraz\u00f3n de los animales, otros tejidos que preocupaban a los investigadores, tambi\u00e9n maduraron correctamente. Adem\u00e1s, la esterilidad sistema protege eficazmente de las infecciones, una de las grandes amenazas para la supervivencia de los beb\u00e9s prematuros.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/<span \n                data-original-string='qod0VG93z2djU83hwjFN1Q==c8fenmvh0VnjoqqFHwLaFve6m9bZdAAy2NPVMuze5nLN3+3KfDudkH3TFVReRG3KU+fOskKq2qAuLc6KolMeDvJWfMj4LxVp+nrsLbbFdL\/rjWghn2uUYu+oIPeyiwXwpJwJZs0k7BUJseps2CRs+hspA=='\n                class='apbct-email-encoder'\n                title='This contact has been encoded by Anti-Spam by CleanTalk. Click to decode. To finish the decoding make sure that JavaScript is enabled in your browser.'>im<span class=\"apbct-blur\">**********************************************************************************<\/span>@<span class=\"apbct-blur\">**************<\/span>eb.jpg<\/span>&#8220;><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-5352 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/<span \n                data-original-string='ZejR30DATvHYxHJatdjLyg==c8fmgagv4bARX8sXD5zrwmPYVe2ODfcSH5Fu5d29bIVfcSaiOYlPtycL2Q2HZ8MR6fVi5KXzEbRCZIG\/XmEXAg0NgrhhWn7J8Pm4T6CgvdeswbbrhXateUjbgoOHjBELKDHJKEAG0HetJMAA9XMuud27g=='\n                class='apbct-email-encoder'\n                title='This contact has been encoded by Anti-Spam by CleanTalk. Click to decode. To finish the decoding make sure that JavaScript is enabled in your browser.'>im<span class=\"apbct-blur\">**********************************************************************************<\/span>@<span class=\"apbct-blur\">**************<\/span>eb.jpg<\/span>&#8221; alt=&#8221;img_evelasco_20170425-172354_imagenes_lv_terceros_marcus_davey_lab_dark-kCTD&#8211;656&#215;437@LaVanguardia-Web&#8221; width=&#8221;476&#8243; height=&#8221;317&#8243; \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El protocolo de experimentaci\u00f3n oblig\u00f3 a los investigadores a sacrificar a la mayor\u00eda de corderos a las cuatro semanas de incubaci\u00f3n para analizar su estado, por lo que todav\u00eda se desconocen los efectos que podr\u00eda tener esta tecnolog\u00eda a largo plazo. No obstante, uno de los animales sigue con vida, y un a\u00f1o m\u00e1s tarde es perfectamente normal, seg\u00fan Flake.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u201cObviamente todav\u00eda tenemos que continuar investigando antes de desarrollar un dispositivo para humanos\u201d, ha apuntado el investigador. El pr\u00f3ximo paso ser\u00e1n nuevos estudios en animales, que deber\u00edan durar entre dos y tres a\u00f1os. Flake espera que en un m\u00e1ximo de cinco a\u00f1os puedan empezar las primeras pruebas en beb\u00e9s prematuros, aunque su grupo deber\u00e1 realizar varios cambios para adaptar la biobolsa a la especie humana.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">El investigador afirma que si los beb\u00e9s extremadamente prematuros pasasen s\u00f3lo cuatro semanas en este \u00fatero artificial, de forma que la gestaci\u00f3n en ambiente l\u00edquido se alargase a las 28 semanas, su probabilidad supervivencia aumentar\u00eda desde el 50% hasta m\u00e1s del 90%.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Fuente:<\/strong> La Vanguardia<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>El dispositivo, probado con \u00e9xito en corderos, podr\u00eda mejorar el pron\u00f3stico de los ni\u00f1os extremadamente prematuros<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5356,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[56,370],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-5350","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ciencia","category-salud"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Fabrican un \u00fatero artificial para beb\u00e9s prematuros<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"El dispositivo, probado con \u00e9xito en corderos, podr\u00eda mejorar el pron\u00f3stico de los ni\u00f1os extremadamente prematuros\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/otech.uaeh.edu.mx\/noti\/ciencia\/fabrican-un-utero-artificial-para-bebes-prematuros\/\" 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